How to Set Up a Natural Fish Tank: A Complete Guide

Hello everyone!

I frequently receive numerous comments on my videos asking, “How did you set up this natural fish tank? What substrate did you use?” Today, I’m addressing all those questions with a detailed guide to setting up a natural fish tank. The primary advantage of this setup? There’s no need for frequent water changes or weekly cleaning. This setup mimics nature, allowing you to enjoy the tank from your home with minimal maintenance.

Why a Natural Fish Tank?

This natural approach allows the ecosystem to sustain itself. The water remains clean without constant intervention. Inspired by the “Father Fish” method and natural farming philosophies, such as those shared by Nammalvar, this setup ensures harmony between the fish, plants, and substrate.

Years ago, I started with a basic tank—just fish, water, and stones. But after learning about the Father Fish model, I realized its potential to create a balanced, low-maintenance ecosystem. Over time, I adapted it for Tamil audiences, where much of the aquarium content is commercially driven with CO2 systems and fertilizers.

Key Elements of a Natural Tank Setup

1. Tank Selection

• Start Small: For beginners, a one-foot or two-foot tank works well. Nano fish thrive in smaller tanks.
• Larger Tanks: If you’re more experienced, opt for three or four feet tanks for more creative layouts and biodiversity.
• Glass Tanks: Most setups are done in glass tanks, but you can also experiment with containers like water cans or jars for Betta fish.

2. Substrate – The Foundation

• Layer 1: Soil Layer Use one inch of nutrient-rich soil or a “dirty substrate.” This layer provides essential nutrients for plants and aids the filtration process. Vermicompost and dry leaves can also be added for extra nutrients.
• Layer 2: Sand Layer Add a two-inch layer of washed sand over the soil. This prevents the soil from leaching into the water and creates a clean, aesthetic look.

Pro Tip: Measure the required substrate volume by calculating your tank’s length and width. This helps ensure you add the right amount of substrate for optimal results.

3. Plants

Plants are crucial for maintaining water quality. They oxygenate the water and utilize excess nutrients, preventing algae growth.

• Rooted Plants: These grow directly in the substrate, e.g., Vallisneria, Amazon Sword.
• Floating Plants: Duckweed, water lettuce, and foxtail provide shade and additional filtration.
• Dense Planting: Especially in corners, dense planting creates hiding spots for fish fry.

4. Water

• Hard Water vs. RO Water: Both can work. I use well water as it contains minerals beneficial for plants and fish.
• Pouring Technique: Pour water gently over a cover or hand to avoid disturbing the substrate.

5. Filtration

A sponge filter is highly recommended for natural setups. It is affordable, easy to maintain, and provides excellent biological filtration. Avoid surface skimmers that disturb floating plants and reduce food availability for fish.

6. Lighting

Lighting is essential for plant growth and enhances the tank’s aesthetic appeal.

• Use lights with a 6500K color temperature.
• Ensure the lighting covers the tank’s entire length for even plant growth.

The Layout – Aesthetic and Functional Design

• Centerpiece: Add driftwood or stones as a focal point in the center.
• Open Space: Leave the middle section clear for fish to swim freely.
• Dense Corners: Add thick plants in one corner as a “fry zone” for fish fry to hide and grow.
• Hiding Spots: Include small caves or pots to create safe spaces for shy fish or shrimps.

Benefits of the Natural Fish Tank Setup

• Low Maintenance: Once established, the substrate can last for years without replacement.
• Eco-Friendly: No chemical fertilizers or CO2 systems are needed.
• Healthy Ecosystem: Beneficial bacteria in the substrate maintain the nitrogen cycle, reducing ammonia and nitrite levels.
• Cost-Effective: Using locally available materials like soil, sand, and natural light saves money.

Final Words

This natural tank setup is not just about keeping fish—it’s about creating a sustainable ecosystem. It takes time, patience, and dedication, but the result is rewarding. Watching fish thrive in a balanced environment is a joy that every aquarist should experience.

This channel’s purpose is to inspire you to try this method, think creatively, and embrace the natural way of fishkeeping. If you find this guide helpful, feel free to explore more videos on the channel for additional insights and tips.

Happy fishkeeping! 🐠